Effect of severe geomagnetic storm conditions on atomic oxygen greenline dayglow emission in mesosphere

Severe geomagnetic storms and their effects on the 557.7 nm dayglow emission are studied in mesosphere. This study is primarily based on photochemical model with the necessary input obtained from a combination of experimental observations and empirical models. The model results are presented for a low latitude station Tirunelveli (8.7°N, 77.8°E). The volume emission rates are calculated using MSISE-90 and NRLMSISE-00 neutral atmospheric models. A comparison is made between the results obtained from these two models. A positive correlation amongst volume emission rate (VER), O, O₂ number densities and Dst index has been found. The present results indicate that the variation in emission rate is more for MSISE-90 than in NRLMSISE-00 model. The maximum depletion in the VER of greenline dayglow emission is found to be about 30% at 96 km during the main phase of the one of the geomagnetic storms investigated in the case of MSISE-90 (which is strongest with Dst index −216 nT). The O₂ density decreases about 22% at 96 km during the main phase of the same geomagnetic storm.The NRLSMSISE-00 model does not show any appreciable change in the number density of O during any of the two events. The present study also shows that the altitude of peak emission rate is unaffected by the geomagnetic storms. The effect of geomagnetic storm on the greenline nightglow emission has also been studied. It is found that almost no correlation can be established between the Dst index and variations in the volume emission rates using the NRLMSISE-00 neutral model atmosphere. However, a positive correlation is found in the case of MSISE-90 and the maximum depletion in the case of nightglow is about 40% for one of the storms. The present study shows that there are significant differences between the results obtained using MSISE-90 and NRLMSISE-00.     

Progress in demonstrating homochiral selection in prebiotic RNA synthesis

The dual properties of RNA as an enzyme catalyst (ribozyme) and its ability to store genetic information suggest that early life could have been based on RNA. We have synthesized RNA oligomers up to 50-mer chain lengths by Na⁺-montmorillonite catalyzed reactions of 5′-activated mononucleotides. For studying chiral selectivity, the reactions of racemic mixtures of D, L-ImpA and D, L-ImpU were carried out on Na⁺-montmorillonite. The dimer, trimer, tetramer and pentamer fractions (yields 43.3%, 14.5%, 5.8% and 3.0%, respectively) were investigated for homochiral selection. These products were collected via ion exchange HPLC, their terminal 5′-phosphate was cleaved by alkaline phosphatase and further analyzed by reverse phase HPLC. Twelve linear and three cyclic dimers were isolated and characterized. The homochirality of dimers was 63.5 ± 0.8%. Out of the sixteen trimers isolated, ten were homochiral with an overall homochirality of 74.2 ± 1.6%. The tetramers and pentamers were separated into 24 and 20 isomers, respectively. Their co-elution with those formed in the binary reactions of D-ImpA with D-ImpU on Na⁺-montmorillonite revealed 92.7 ± 2.0% and 97.2 ± 0.5% homochirality, respectively. These results suggest that Na⁺-montmorillonite not only catalyzes the prebiotic synthesis of RNA but it also facilitates homochiral selection. Work is in progress to determine chiral selectivity in the reaction mixtures of activated nucleotides of racemic A, U, G and C on Na⁺-montmorillonite.     

Morphology of OI 8446 Å dayglow emission

A comprehensive model is developed to study the atomic oxygen OI 8446 Å dayglow emission. The emission rate profiles and intensities are obtained using the recently developed Solar2000 EUV (Extreme Ultra Violet) flux model. These emission profiles are used to construct the morphology of the 8446 Å emission between equator and 45°N in the northern hemisphere. The longitudinal variation of 8446 Å dayglow emission is found about 5% and is not included in the presentation of morphology. A span of five years is chosen to study the effect of varying solar activity on the morphology of the OI 8446 Å dayglow emission. The morphology is studied on April 3 which lies under the equinox conditions. In year 2001 the solar F10.7 index on the chosen date was as high as 223.1 which is the case of solar maximum. From the present calculations it is found that the intensity does not vary linearly with the F10.7 solar index. The morphology shows that the region of maximum emission rate expands towards the higher latitudes as F10.7 solar index increases. The similar effects have also been found in the morphology of 7320 Å dayglow emission (Sunil Krishna and Singh, 2009). The similarities in the morphology of 7320 Å and 8446 Å dayglow emissions further suggest that the photoelectron flux has strong bearing on the production of these emissions.     

基于连续介质损伤力学的高温微动疲劳寿命预测模型

建立了一种基于连接介质损伤力学(CDM)的高温微动疲劳寿命预测模型用以分析航空发动机榫连接结构在不同温度下的微动疲劳寿命。该模型在现有的基于非线性疲劳损伤累积(NLCD)模型微动疲劳寿命预测模型的基础上，引入温度相关的损伤速率因子以考虑温度对榫连接结构微动疲劳行为的影响。以某型发动机钛合金TC11燕尾榫结构模拟件为研究对象开展不同温度下的微动疲劳寿命数值模拟预测研究，预测结果与试验结果相比在2倍误差范围以内，证明了此寿命预测模型的有效性。      

某型起动机高温合金整体涡轮材料的改进与分析

针对某型起动机高温合金整体涡轮断裂故障率高的情况,本文从国内外涡轮材料的发展趋势和应用现状出发,介绍了一种新型涡轮材料,并通过对比新旧材料的性能证明了材料改进的可行性和有效性。     

A model study of the negative chlorine ion chemistry in the Earth’s mesosphere

An ion chemistry model is used to investigate the negative chlorine ion chemistry of the mesosphere for quiet ionospheric conditions. Model results are presented for high latitudes in February as well as for the equator in Summer. For nighttime, Cl^-${\text{Cl}}^{-}$, Cl^-${\text{Cl}}^{-}$(HCl), and NO₃⁻(HCl) are the most abundant chlorine anions in the mesosphere. The concentration of ClO₃⁻ depends significantly on its stability against collision-induced dissociation. In contrast to previous model predictions, the abundance of Cl^-(_H2O)${\text{Cl}}^{-}({\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O})$ is small. For daytime, photoelectron detachment and photodissociation have pronounced impact on the negative chlorine ion chemistry in the mesosphere. The abundance of all anion cluster is considerably smaller than at night. While Cl^-${\text{Cl}}^{-}$ decreases in the upper mesosphere, its abundance increases at lower altitudes.     

高温热源羽流流场及伴生粉尘控制特性

采用CFD数值模拟软件对高温热源上部接受罩的羽流温度场和速度场进行分析,比较不同工况下上部伞形接受罩对高温烟气的控制特性,同时提出合理设置排风罩位置和风量的措施。     

高强玻璃布增强聚酰亚胺复合材料性能

采用真空辅助模压方法制备了高强玻璃布(SW220)/聚酰亚胺(BMP350)复合材料,对该复合材料常温和高温条件下的热、力学性能进行了研究.结果表明,常温下SW220/ BMP350复合材料具有较高的弯曲和拉伸强度,200℃下复合材料的强度保持率大于65％,平均热膨胀系数约为(6 ～8)×10-6K-1;DMA测试表明...     

高温风洞蓄热式加热器蓄热单元初步设计与分析

蓄热式加热器是目前高温纯净空气风洞最具潜力和优势的一种加热方式。针对空心砖型蓄热式加热器,开展了空心砖型蓄热单元初步设计研究,涉及换热性能、压降控制和热应力评估等方面。结合一个预定的试验状态要求,对空心砖型蓄热单元的初步设计进行分析与讨论,评估孔径、孔间距、蓄热阵高度等几何设计参数对换热性能、压降控制和当地热应力水平的影响,进而确定空心砖型蓄热单元的基本设计方案,结果表明孔径、孔间距是加热器设计的关键参数,对其它参数、运行性能、安全性具有显著影响,高度选择直接影响出口气流温度水平及其稳定时间,初步设计方案可以很好地满足马赫数6．0试验模拟状态要求。研究结果可为空心砖型蓄热式加热器工程设计和方案评估提供有益的参考。